Wikipedia

Imenenjayethisi

Imenenjayethisi kuvuvuka lokubalulekile kwemitsambo legigeletele ingcondvo nemgogodla, lekwatiwa ngalokuphelele njengemenenjesi.[1] Timphawu letijwayelekile kuba yifiva, inhloko nekucina kwemntsamo. Letinye timphawu tifaka ekhatsi kudideka noma kuba ngatsi ulahlekelwa yingcondvo, kuhlanta, nekungakhoni kubeketelela kukhanya noma umsindvo lomkhulu. Bantfwana bona bavamise kuba netimphawu letingachazeki, njengekucasuka, kukhatsala noma bangadli kahle.[2] Uma ngabe kuba nekucubuka, kungahle kukhombise imbangela letsite yemenenjayethisi lebangelwa ligciwane lemeningococcal lingahambisana kucubuka lokutsite.[1][3]

Lokuvuvuka kungabangelwa kusuleleka ngemagciwane, tifo, noma lamanye ema-microorganisms, noma kungavama kodvwa hhayi kakhulu kuba ngulamanye emakhambi.[4] Imenenjayethisi ingahle ikubulale ngenca yalokuvuvuka lokusondzelene nengcondvo nemgogodla; ngako-ke, lesimo sakhona sitsatfwa njengesimo semphilo lesibalulekile.[1][5] Kuhlatjwa sikhadlane kute uhlolwe noma kungafakwa imenenjayethisi.[2] inyalitsi ifakwa emgogodleni kutsatsa isampuli lesamanti emgomgodleni (i-CSF), lokuvale ingcondvo nemgogodla. I-CSF elabholathri yetemitsi.[5][6]

Nga-2013 imenenjayethisi yabamba bantfu labatigidzi leti-16.[7] loku kubangele ekushoneni kwebantfu labangu-303,000 mhlabawonkhe – kwehle kusukela ku-464,000 kwekushona nga-1990.[8] Ngekutfola kwelashwa lokufanele uma kunebungoti bekufa kuleligciwane lemenenjayethisi kungaphansi kwa-15%.[2] Kusabalala kweligciwane lemenenjayethisi kwavela emkhatsini weNgcongoni neNhlaba njalo ngemnyaka etindzaweni tase sub-Saharan Africa lekwatiwa ngekutsi libhande lemenenjayethisi.[9] Kusabalala lokuncane kungange kubekhona kuletinye tindzawo tasemhlabeni. Leligama lelitsi menenjayethisi livela kuligama lesiGilikhi μῆνιγξ méninx, "umtsambo" kantsi lesicu salo ngekwetemphilo -itis, "kuvuvuka".[10][11]

Emareferensi

hlela
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Sáez-Llorens X, McCracken GH (June 2003). "Bacterial meningitis in children". Lancet. 361 (9375): 2139–48. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13693-8. PMID 12826449.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Bacterial Meningitis". CDC. April 1, 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  3. ↑ van de Beek D, de Gans J, Tunkel AR, Wijdicks EF (January 2006). "Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults". The New England Journal of Medicine. 354 (1): 44–53. doi:10.1056/NEJMra052116. PMID 16394301.
  4. ↑ Ginsberg L (March 2004). "Difficult and recurrent meningitis" (PDF). Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 75 Suppl 1 (90001): i16–21. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2003.034272. PMC 1765649. PMID 14978146.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Tunkel AR; Hartman BJ; Kaplan SL; et al. (November 2004). "Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis" (PDF). Clinical Infectious Diseases. 39 (9): 1267–84. doi:10.1086/425368. PMID 15494903.
  6. ↑ "Viral Meningitis". CDC. November 26, 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  7. ↑ Global Burden of Disease Study 2013, Collaborators (22 August 2015). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 386 (9995): 743–800. PMID 26063472.
  8. ↑ GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators (17 December 2014). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
  9. ↑ "Meningococcal meningitis Fact sheet N°141". WHO. November 2015. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  10. ↑ Mosby's pocket dictionary of medicine, nursing & health professions (6th. ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby/Elsevier. 2010. p. traumatic meningitis. ISBN 9780323066044.
  11. ↑ Liddell HG, Scott R (1940). "μήνιγξ". A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
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