Sifo se-Leishmaniasis

Sifo se-Leishmaniasis
Kuhlelwa kanye nemitfombolwati yangaphandle
ICD/CIM-10B55 B55
ICD/CIM-9085 085
DiseasesDB3266
MedlinePlus001386

Sifo se-Leishmaniasis , lesibuye sipelwe nge leishmaniosis , sisifo lesibangelwayipharasayithi yemajini iprotozoaniprotozoan" Leishmania" lebuye isatjalaliswe kulunywa nguletinye tetinhlobo tetinambutane tenhlabatsi[1] Lesifo singatibonakalisa ngetindlela letintsatfu letibalulekile: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral leishmaniasis.[1] Lendlela ye-cutaneous ivela netilondza esikhunjeni, ngalesikhatsi i-mucocutaneous yona ivela ngetilondza esikhunjeni, emlonyeni, nasemphumulweni, kantsi leletitfolakala etilwaneni ticala ngetilondza esikhunjeni bese sekulandzela ngefiva, kwehla kwemasotja emtimba labovu, nekuvuvuka kwenyongo nesibindzi. [1][2]

Kungena kwalesifo kubantfu kubangelwa tilwanyane letindlula ku-20 te Leishmania.[1] Tintfo letiyingoti tifaka ekhatsi kweswela, kungadli kahle, kujutjwa kwemahlatsi kanye nekuguculwa kwetindzawo tibe tekuhlala.[1] Tonkhe letinhlobo letintsatfu tingabonwa ngekubonakala kwaleligciwane ngekusebentisa i-microscope. [1] Ngalokungetiwe, tifo letivela etilwaneni tingabonakala ngekutsi kutsatfwe ingati. [2]

i-Leishmaniasis incenye yayo ingavikeleka ngekulala ngaphansi kwenetha ufake umutsi wekuvikela kulunywa tinambutane.[1] Letinye tindlela tifaka ekhatsi kufutsa umutsi wekubulala tinambutane netimphungane nekulapha bantfu labanalesifo kusenesikhatsi kute kuvikelwe kuchubeka nekubhebhetseka. [1] Lokulashwa lokudzingekako kuya ngekutsi lesifo usitfole kuphi, letitalelwane te Leishmania, kanye naloluhlobo lwalesifo lesikungenile. [1] Leminye imitsi lengahle isetjentiselwe sifo se-visceral ifaka ekhatsi i-liposomal amphotericin B,[3] inhlanganisela ye-pentavalent antimonials ne paromomycin,[3] ne miltefosine.[4]kusifo se- cutaneous , paromomycin fluconazole, noma i-pentamidineingahle isebente.[5]

Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-12 bangenwe ngulesifo[6] emaveni lange-98. [2] Kunebantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-2 labasandza kungenwa ngulesifo [2]labasemkhatsini wema-20 kuya ku-50 walabashona njalo ngemnyaka. [1][7] Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-200 base Asia, Afrika, eNingizimu naseNkhabeni ye-Amerika, eNingizimu ne Europe bahlala etindzaweni lapho lesifo sivame khona. [2][8] INhlangano Yetemphilo Velonkhe batfole taphulelo kuleminye imitsi kulapha lesifo. [2] Lesifo singabonakala nakuletinye tilwane letimbalwa kufaka ekhatsi tinjakanyetilwanyane.[1]

Emareferensi hlela

  1. 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "Leishmaniasis Fact sheet N°375". World Health Organization. January 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2014. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Barrett, MP; Croft, SL (2012). "Management of trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis.". British medical bulletin 104: 175–96. PMC 3530408. PMID 23137768. doi:10.1093/bmb/lds031. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 Sundar, S; Chakravarty, J (Jan 2013). "Leishmaniasis: an update of current pharmacotherapy.". Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy 14 (1): 53–63. PMID 23256501. doi:10.1517/14656566.2013.755515. 
  4. Dorlo, TP; Balasegaram, M; Beijnen, JH; de Vries, PJ (Nov 2012). "Miltefosine: a review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of leishmaniasis.". The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 67 (11): 2576–97. PMID 22833634. doi:10.1093/jac/dks275. 
  5. Minodier, P; Parola, P (May 2007). "Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.". Travel medicine and infectious disease 5 (3): 150–8. PMID 17448941. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2006.09.004. 
  6. "Leishmaniasis Magnitude of the problem". World Health Organization. Retrieved 17 February 2014. 
  7. Lozano, R (Dec 15, 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. PMID 23245604. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. 
  8. Ejazi, SA; Ali, N (Jan 2013). "Developments in diagnosis and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis during the last decade and future prospects.". Expert review of anti-infective therapy 11 (1): 79–98. PMID 23428104. doi:10.1586/eri.12.148.